Adaptation is the development of some unique characteristic features by the individuals to survive in a particular environmental condition. High altitude is any elevation above 1500 meters (5000ft) from the sea level. High altitude training is the practice by some endurance athletes of training for several meters at high altitude. Physiological adaptations that acclimatize the body of athletes by high altitude training involves increased erythropoietin (EPO) level, increased red blood cells (RBC) and hemoglobin, or alteration of muscle metabolism and higher VO2 Max. A set of researchers claims that altitude training stimulates a more efficient use of oxygen by the muscles. This efficiency can arise from numerous other responses to altitude training including angiogenesis, glucose transport, glycolysis and PH regulation. Furthermore exercising at high altitude has been shown to cause to muscle adjustment of selected gene transcripts and improvement of mitochondrial properties in skeletal muscle. The effects of high altitude on human are highly conclusive. The percentage of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin determines the contents of oxygen in blood. After the athlete’s body reaches 7000 ft above sea level, the oxy hemoglobin saturation begins to decrease constantly. Infect the human body has both short term and long term adaptation to altitude that allow it to partially compensate for the lack of oxygen. Athletes use their adaptations to help their performance.