EFFECT OF SLOW STRETCH & HOLD, BALLISTIC, AND PROPIOCEPTIVE NEUROMUSCULAR FACILITATION METHODON HAMSTRING FLEXIBILITY
Keywords:
Hamstring Flexibility, Slow Stretch & Hold, Ballistic and PNF Method.Abstract
Present investigation was underwent on the 30 male subjects, in order to scrutinize the effect of Slow Stretch & Hold, Ballistic, and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Method on Hamstring Flexibility. The subjects were selected from the Department of Physical Education, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab. Only a single variable named as Hamstring flexibility was selected for the purpose of the study. The treatment i.e. Slow Stretch & Hold, Ballistic, and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Method was randomly assigned to all the groups (Group A, Group B, Group C). To scrutinize the effect of treatment Slow Stretch & Hold, Ballistic, and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Method on Hamstring flexibility “Sit and Reach Test” (AAHPERD, 1984) was induced to the subjects. Before the final commencement of the protocol on each alternate day, the subjects were asked to do proper warm up for 10-15 minutes, followed by the active warm-up exercise from top to bottom. The subjects underwent the experiment protocols with three different Flexibility programmes i.e. Slow Stretch & Hold, Ballistic, and Proprioceptiveneuromuscular facilitation method, dispersed by a gap of alternate days in a week in the evening session for six weeks. The subjects were allowed to go through the same daily routine classes as per their curriculum on alternate day.The exercises included in Flexibility programmes were controlled in the terms of their intensity by fixing their number of repetition or duration of exercise. The obtained data was analyzed by applying Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), the technique was applied just to neutralize the effect of covariate (Pre-test, the results indicates that, a significant difference was found among the Slow Stretch & Hold, Ballistic and PNF Method), further to find out the critical difference s between the groups Post Hoc LSD test was employed.
Metrics
References
AAHPERD, (1984) “Technical Manual for the Health Related Physical Fitness Test”,Washington,DC: Author.
American College of Sports Medicine(1995), “Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription”, Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger.
Bandy, W.D. and Irion J.M. (1994), “The Effect of Time on Static Stretch on the Flexibility of the Hamstring Muscles” Phys Therapy, 74:845–850.
Bandy, W.D., and Sanders B. (2001), “Therapeutic Exercise: Techniques for Intervention,” Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams &Wilkins.
Hoeger, W.W.K., Hopkins, Button D.R, S. & Palmer, T.A. (1990), “Comparing the Sit and Reach with the Modified Sit and Reach in Measuring Flexibility in Adolescents”, PediatricExercise Science, 2, pp. 156-162. 1990.
Hui, S.S.C. & Yuen, P.Y.( 2000), “Validity of the Modified Back-Saver Sit-and-Reach Test: A Comparison with others Protocols. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise 32(9), pp. 1655-1659.
J.P. Verma (2013), “Data Analysis in Management with SPSS Software”, Research and Advanced Studies Lakshmibai National University of Physical Education Gwalior, MP, India, Springer New Delhi, Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London.
Jackson A.W. & Baker, A.A., “The Relationship of the Sit and Reach Test to Criterion Measures of Hamstring and Back Flexibility in young Females”, Res. Q. Exercise Sport,57, pp. 183- 186.
Kayla B. Hindle, Tyler J. Whitcomb, Wyatt O. Briggs and Junggi Hong(2011), “ Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF): Its Mechanisms and Effects on Range of Motion and Muscular Function”, J Hum Kinetics, 31: 105–113.
Kisner, C., and Colby L.A. (2002), “Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques. Philadelphia:” F.A. Davis Co.
Moore, M.A., and Hutton R.S., “Electromyographic Investigation of Muscle Stretching Techniques. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise 12:322–329. 1980.
Ross, M. (1999), “Effect of Lower-Extremity Position and Stretching on Hamstring Muscle Flexibility. J. Strength Cond. Res. 13:124– 129.
Turner D, Gossman R.M., Nicholson C.G and Lemons J (1988),“Comparison of Cyclic and Sustained Passive Stretching using a Mechanical Device to Increase Resting Length of Hamstring Muscles”, Phys Therapy 69(3): 314-320.
Mandeep Singh Nathial, Analysis of set shot in basketball in relation with time to perform the course and displacement of center of gravity, American Journal of Sports Science, Vol.2 Issue.5 pp: 122-126 (2014). Retrieved from https://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/paperinfo.aspx?journalid=155& doi=10.11648/j.ajss.20140205.13
Mandeep Singh (2010). Evaluation And Improvement of Sports Techniques Through Biomechanical Updated Analyzing Technology, University News, Journal of Higher Education Association of Indian Universities, Association of Indian Universities, Vol:48:Issue.05;2010 Pp45-57, 2010
Mandeep Singh Nathial, A Study of Adjustment and Emotional Intelligence of University Coaches in India, American Journal of Applied Psychology. Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014, pp. 122-126. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20140306.11
Nathial, mandeep singh. A COMPARATIVE AND ANALYTICAL STUDY OF SELF-ESTEEM AND JOB SATISFACTION IN ATHLETES AND NON ATHLETES. Journal of Advances in Social Science and Humanities, 2(10). https://doi.org/10.15520/jassh210123
Singh, M., Kour, R., & Kour, A., A collaborative diversified investigation of respective responses of sports person coaches and organizations on criminalization of doping. International Journal of Health Sciences, 6 (S3), 11295–11310. https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS3.8641
Mandeep Singh., Assessment of Vocational Interests of Pahadi & Bakarwal School Students In Relation To Their Gender. Int J Recent Sci Res. 9(3), pp. 24817-24819.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2018.0903.1731
Singh, M., & Deol, N. S.; KINEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF HIGH DRIVE IN SOCCER. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH PEDAGOGY AND TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION AND MOVEMENT SCIENCES, 1(01). Retrieved from https://ijems.net/index.php/ijem/article/view/5
