CARDIO-RESPIRATORY FUNCTION, BODY COMPOSITION, ABDOMINAL MUSCULAR STRENGTH & ENDURANCE AND FLEXIBILITY OF PUNJAB STATE KANDI AND NON-KANDI AREA BOYS
Keywords:
Cardio-respiratory function, Body composition, Abdominal Muscular Strength & Endurance, Flexibility, Kandi and Non-Kandi AreaAbstract
The present study investigated the cardio-respiratory function, body composition, abdominal muscular strength & endurance and flexibility of Punjab state Kandi and Non-Kandi area boys. In this study, the subjects for data collection were drawn from the different government schools of Kandi and Non-Kandi areas of Punjab state. Random sampling technique was used to select the subjects. The sample consisted of one thousand and fifty (N=1050) boys of Kandi and Non- Kandi area of Punjab state. To measure maximal functional capacity and endurance of the cardiorespiratory system of the subjects, the 9-Minute run test was applied. To evaluate the level of fatness in school age boys, the Skinfold Caliper was used. To assess the abdominal muscular strength & endurance of the subjects, modified sit-ups test was applied. Sit and reach test was used to evaluate the flexibility (extensibility) of the low back and posterior thighs of the subjects. The‘t’ test was applied to find out the significant differences between Kandi and Non-Kandi area boys. To test the hypothesis, the level of significance was set at 0.05. The results showed that Kandi area boys 15-16 years (class 10th) exhibited significantly better maximal functional capacity & endurance, body composition and flexibility (extensibility) of the low back and posterior thighs than Non-Kandi area boys 15-16 years (class 10th). Similarly the Kandi area boys 15-16 years (class 10th) demonstrated better abdominal muscular strength & endurance than Non-Kandi area boys 15-16 years (class 10th) but not significantly.
Metrics
References
Chia, M. (2007). Fit to play: enabling play and physical activity in children. In: The power of movement enhancing children‟s cognitive, social & emotional and physical development through movement. Nonis K & Daswani S (eds) Pearson Education Asia, Singapore. pp: 112-128.
Govt. of Punjab Letter No. 322-SMAC-1(1AC) 72/119 dated January 16, 1973).
Hellenic Olympic Committee. (1970). Report of the 18thSession of International Olympic Academy, at Olympic.
Hopkins, W.G & Walker, N.P. (1988). The meanings of physical fitness. Preventive Med. 17,764–773.
Percival, J., Percival, L., & Taylor, J. (1982). The complete guideto total fitness. A & C Black Publ. Ltd. pp: 224.
Rink, J.E. (1985). A Teacher Physical Education Learning. Saint-Louis: Times Mirror/ Mosby College Publishing.
Singh, A., Gill, J.S., Brar, R.S., Rathee, N.K., & Bains, J. (2001). Modern Text Book of Physical Education, Health and Sports. Kalyani Publishers.
Sodhi, H.S. & Sidhu, L.S. (1984). Physique and selection of sportsmen –a Kinanthropometric study. Patiala Publ. House, Patiala.
Tanaka, K., Nakamura, Y., & Sakai, T. (2004).Role of exercise science in maintaining overall quality of life in humans. Japan J. Phys. Educ. Hlth. Sport Sci. 49, 209-229.
Uppal, A.K., Dey, R.N., & Singh, R. (1984). Relationship of Body Composition and Anaerobic Power of Physical Education Students Belonging to Different Weight Categories. SNIPES Journal, 6, (4), pp. 31-35.
Mandeep Singh Nathial, Analysis of set shot in basketball in relation with time to perform the course and displacement of center of gravity, American Journal of Sports Science, Vol.2 Issue.5 pp: 122-126 (2014). Retrieved from https://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/paperinfo.aspx?journalid=155& doi=10.11648/j.ajss.20140205.13
Mandeep Singh (2010). Evaluation And Improvement of Sports Techniques Through Biomechanical Updated Analyzing Technology, University News, Journal of Higher Education Association of Indian Universities, Association of Indian Universities, Vol:48:Issue.05;2010 Pp45-57, 2010
Mandeep Singh Nathial, A Study of Adjustment and Emotional Intelligence of University Coaches in India, American Journal of Applied Psychology. Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014, pp. 122-126. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20140306.11
Nathial, mandeep singh. A COMPARATIVE AND ANALYTICAL STUDY OF SELF-ESTEEM AND JOB SATISFACTION IN ATHLETES AND NON ATHLETES. Journal of Advances in Social Science and Humanities, 2(10). https://doi.org/10.15520/jassh210123
Singh, M., Kour, R., & Kour, A., A collaborative diversified investigation of respective responses of sports person coaches and organizations on criminalization of doping. International Journal of Health Sciences, 6 (S3), 11295–11310. https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS3.8641
Mandeep Singh., Assessment of Vocational Interests of Pahadi & Bakarwal School Students In Relation To Their Gender. Int J Recent Sci Res. 9(3), pp. 24817-24819.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2018.0903.1731
Singh, M., & Deol, N. S.; KINEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF HIGH DRIVE IN SOCCER. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH PEDAGOGY AND TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION AND MOVEMENT SCIENCES, 1(01). Retrieved from https://ijems.net/index.php/ijem/article/view/5
