PERSONALITY TRAITS AS PREDICTORS OF THE SOCIAL ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES
Keywords:
Social Language Learning Strategies, English Learning, Personality Traits, English LearnersAbstract
The present study aims to find out the role of personality traits in the prediction use of the Social English Language Learning Strategies (SELLSs) for learners of English as a foreign language. Four instruments were used, which were Adapted Inventory for Social English Language Learning Strategies based on Social category of Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) of Rebecca L. Oxfords, A Background Questionnaire, NEO-Five Factors Inventory (NEO-FFI), and Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). Two hundred and thirteen Iranian female university level learners of English language as a university major in Iran, were volunteer to participate in this research work. The intact classes were chosen. The results show that however, there is a significant relationship between four traits of personality and use of the SELLSs, but personality traits cannot be as a strong predictor to predict use of the SELLSs.
Metrics
References
Block, J. (1995). A contrarian view of the five-factor approach to personality description. Psychological Bulletin, 117,187-215.
Brown, H. D. (2001). Principles of language learning and teaching. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Cattel, R. B., & Butcher, H. (1968). The prediction of achievement and creativity. New York: Bobbs-Merrill.
Chamorro-Premuzie, T., Furnham, A., & Lewis, M. (2007). Personality and approaches to learning predict preference for different teaching method. Learning and Individual Differences, 17, 241-250.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nded.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Cook, V. (2008). Second language learning and language teaching (4thed.). London: Edward Arnold.
Costa, P.T., & McCare, R.R.(1988). Personality in adulthood: A six-year longitudinal study of self-reports and spouse ratings on the NEO personality inventory. Journalof Personality and Social Psychology, 54(4), 853-863.
Costa, P.T., & McCare, R.R.(1992). Professional Manual for the NEO-PI-R and NEO-FFI. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
De Vellis, R. F. (2003). Scale development: Theory and application (2nded.). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage.
Digman, J. M. (1989). Five robust traits dimensions: Development, stability, and utility. Journal of Personality, 57(1), 195-214.
Digman,J. M., & Inouye, J. (1986). Further specification of the five robust factors of personality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50,116-123.
Ehrman, M.E., & Dornyei, Z. (1998). Interpersonal dynamics in second language education: The visible and invisible classroom. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications.
Ellis, R. (1985). Understanding second language acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ellis, R. (1994).The study of second language acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Eysenck, H. J. (1967). The biological basis of personality. New York: Springfield.
Eysenck, H. J. (1992). Four ways five factors are not basic. Personality and Individual Differences, 13,667-673.
Eysenck, H. J. (1997). Personality and exponential psychology: The unification of Psychology and the possibility of a paradigm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 1224-1237.
Foster, J. J. (1998). Data analysis using SPSS for window: A beginner’s guide. Thousand, Oaks, California: Sage Publications.
Gall, M.D., Gall, J.P., & Borg, W.R. (2003). Educational Research: An Introduction (7 ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Ghiasvand, A. (2008). Application of statistics and SPSS in data analysis. Tehran: Lovieh publication.
Goldberg, L. R. (1981). Language and individual differences: The search for universals in personality lexicons. In L. Wheeler(Ed.), Review of personality and social psychology( Vol.2, pp.141-165). Beverrly Hills, CA: Sage.
Goldberg, L. R. (1990). An alternative description of personality: The big five factor structure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 1216-1229.
Golkar, M., & Yamini, M. (2007). Vocabulary, proficiency and reading comprehension. The Reading Matrix, 7(3), 88-112.
Hampson, S.E., & Colman, A. E. (1995). Individual differences and personality. New York: Longman.
Hinkin, T. R. (1998). A brief tutorial on the development of measures for use in survey questionnaires. Organizational Research Methods, 1(1), 104-121.
Horwitz, E. K. (1988). The beliefs about language learning of beginning university foreign language students. Modern Language Journal, 72(13), 283-294.
Horwitz, E. K. (1999). Cultural and situational influences on language learners’ beliefs about language learning: a review of BALLI studies. System, 27,557-576.
Hsiao, T-Y., & Oxford, R. L. (2002). Comparing theories of language learning strategies: A confirmatory factor analysis. Modern Language Journal, 86(3), 368-383.
John, O. P. (1990). The big five factor taxonomy: dimensions of personality in the nature language and in the questionnaire. In L.A. Pervin(Ed.), Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research (pp.66-100). New York: Guliford Press.
Larsen-Freeman, D., & Long, M. H. (1991). An introduction to second language acquisition research. New York: Longman.
Marttinen, M. (2008). Vocabulary learning strategies used by upper secondary school students studying English as a second language. (Online) M.A. Dissertation. Retrieved from March 20, 2010, from
https://jyx.jyu.fi/dspace/bitstream/handle/123456789/18447/URN_NBN_fi_jyu200803261288.pdf?sequence=1
McAdams, D. P. (1992). The five-factor model in Personality: A critical appraisal. Journal of Personality, 60,329-361.
McCare, R.R., & Costa, P.T. Jr. (1985). Updating Norman’s adequate taxonomy: Intelligence and personality dimensions in natural language and in questionnaires. Journal of Personality and Psychology, 49,710-721.
Moemeni, M. (2007). Statistical analysis with SPSS. Tehran: Ketab neo Publication.
Norman, W. T.(1963).Toward an adequate taxonomy of personality attributes: replicated factor structure in per nomination personality ratings. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 66, 574-583.
Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rded.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Oxford, R. L. (1990). Language learning strategies: What every teacher should know. Boston :Heinle & Heinle.
Oxford, R. L. (1992). Instructional implications of gender differences in second/foreign language learning styles and strategies. Applied Language Learning, 4(1& 2), 65-94.
Oxford, R. L. (1993). Individual differences among your ESL students: Why a single method can’t work. Journal of English Studies, 7, 27-42.
Oxford, R. L. (1994).Language learning strategies: An update.(Online)Online Resources: Digest. Retrieved March 08, 2011, from
http://www.cal.org/resources/digest/oxford01.html
Oxford, R. L. (1996). Employing a questionnaire to assess the use of language learning strategies. Applied Language Learning. 7(1& 2), 25-45.
Oxford, R. L., & Burry-Stock, J. (1995). Assessing the use of language learning strategies worldwide with the ESL/EFL version of the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL). System, 23(1), 1-23.
Oxford, R. L., & Cohen, A. (1992). Language learning strategies: crucial issues of concept and classification. Applied Language Learning, 3(1& 2), 1-35.
Oxford, R. L., & Crookball, D. (1989). Research on language learning strategies: methods, findings, and instructional issues. The Modern Language Journal, 73(4), 404-419.
Oxford, R. L. & Ehrman, M. (1995). Adult’s language learning strategies in an intensive foreign language program in the United States. System, 23(3), 359-386.
Oxford, R. L., & Nyikos,M. (1989). Variables affecting choice of language learning strategies by university students. Modern Language Journal, 73(3), 291-300.
Perera, M., & Eysenck, S. B. G. (1984). A cross-cultural study of personality: Sri Lanka and England. Journal of Cross Cultural Psychology, 15(3), 353-371.
Riazi, A.M. (1999). A dictionary of research methods: Quantitative and qualitative. Tehran: Rahnama Publications.
Saklofske, D. H., & Eysenck, S. B. G. (1998). Individual differences in children and adolescents (Eds.). New Brunswick, NJ. : Transaction Publishers.Saucier, G., & Goldberg, L. R. (1996). Evidence for the Big Five in analyses of familiar English personality adjectives. European Journal of Personality, 7, 1-17.
Skehan, P. (1989). Individual differences in second-language learning. London: Edward Arnold.
Toyoda, E. (1998). Teaching kanji by focusing on learners’ developing of graphemic awareness. Australian Review of Applied Linguistics, 21(15), 155-168.
Mandeep Singh Nathial, Analysis of set shot in basketball in relation with time to perform the course and displacement of center of gravity, American Journal of Sports Science, Vol.2 Issue.5 pp: 122-126 (2014). Retrieved from https://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/paperinfo.aspx?journalid=155& doi=10.11648/j.ajss.20140205.13
Mandeep Singh (2010). Evaluation And Improvement of Sports Techniques Through Biomechanical Updated Analyzing Technology, University News, Journal of Higher Education Association of Indian Universities, Association of Indian Universities, Vol:48:Issue.05;2010 Pp45-57, 2010
Mandeep Singh Nathial, A Study of Adjustment and Emotional Intelligence of University Coaches in India, American Journal of Applied Psychology. Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014, pp. 122-126. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20140306.11
Nathial, mandeep singh. A COMPARATIVE AND ANALYTICAL STUDY OF SELF-ESTEEM AND JOB SATISFACTION IN ATHLETES AND NON ATHLETES. Journal of Advances in Social Science and Humanities, 2(10). https://doi.org/10.15520/jassh210123
Singh, M., Kour, R., & Kour, A., A collaborative diversified investigation of respective responses of sports person coaches and organizations on criminalization of doping. International Journal of Health Sciences, 6 (S3), 11295–11310. https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS3.8641
Mandeep Singh., Assessment of Vocational Interests of Pahadi & Bakarwal School Students In Relation To Their Gender. Int J Recent Sci Res. 9(3), pp. 24817-24819.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2018.0903.1731
Singh, M., & Deol, N. S.; KINEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF HIGH DRIVE IN SOCCER. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH PEDAGOGY AND TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION AND MOVEMENT SCIENCES, 1(01). Retrieved from https://ijems.net/index.php/ijem/article/view/5
